Association between infertility and incident onset of systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease after childbirth: a population-based cohort study
Scime NV, Velez MP, Choi MY, Ray JG, Boblitz A, Brown HK. Hum Reprod. 2024; deae253.
Introduction — There has been little investigation of whether the clinical effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments translates into differences in healthcare costs, using real-world cost data, to determine if anticipated benefits of smoking cessation treatment are being realized. We sought to determine the association between smoking cessation treatment and healthcare costs using linked administrative healthcare data.
Methods — 4,752 patients who accessed a smoking cessation program in Ontario, Canada between Jul2011 and Dec2012 (treatment cohort) were each matched to a smoker who did not access these services (control cohort). The primary outcome was total healthcare costs in Canadian dollars, and secondary outcomes were sector-specific costs, from one year prior to index date until 31Dec2017 or death. Costs were partitioned into four phases: pre-treatment, treatment, post-treatment and end-of-life for those who died.
Results — Among females, total healthcare costs were similar between cohorts in pre-treatment and post-treatment phases, but higher for the treatment cohort during the treatment phase ($4,554 vs. $3,237, p<.001). Among males, total healthcare costs were higher in the treatment cohort during pre-treatment ($3,911 vs. $2,784, p<.001), treatment ($4,533 vs. $3,105, p<.001) and post-treatment ($5,065 vs. $3,922, p=.001) phases. End-of-life costs did not differ. Healthcare sector-specific costs followed a similar pattern.
Conclusions — Five-year healthcare costs were similar between females who participated in a treatment program versus those that did not, with a transient increase during the treatment phase only. Among males, treatment was associated with persistently higher healthcare costs. Further study is needed to address the implications with respect to long-term costs.
Implications — The clinical effectiveness of pharmacological and behavioural smoking cessation treatments is well established, but whether such treatments are associated with healthcare costs, using real-world data, has received limited attention. Our findings suggest that use of a smoking cessation treatment offered by their health system is associated with persistent higher healthcare costs among males but a transient increase among females. Given increasing access to evidence-based smoking cessation treatments is an important component in national tobacco control strategies, these data highlight the need for further exploration of the relations between smoking cessation treatment engagement and healthcare costs.
Baliunas D, Voci S, de Oliveira C, Selby P, Kurdyak P, Rosella L, Zawertailo L, Fu L, Sutradhar R. Nicotine Tob Res. 2022; Jul 6 [Epub ahead of print].
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