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Association between drug-eluting stent type and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

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Background — The comparative efficacy of first- vs second-generation drug-eluting stents (DESs) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unknown.

Methods — A retrospective analysis of consecutive patients undergoing PCI at a tertiary PCI center from 2007-2011 was performed, with linkage to administrative databases for long-term outcomes. CKD was defined as creatinine clearance (CrCl) < 60 mL/min. Propensity matching by multivariable scoring method and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed.

Results — Of 6481 patients with available CrCl values undergoing a first PCI during the study period, 1,658 (25%) had CKD. First- and second-generation DESs were implanted in 320 (19.3%) and 128 (7.7%) patients with CKD, respectively. At 2 years, no significant differences were observed between first-generation (n = 126) and second-generation (n = 126) propensity-matched DES cohorts for the outcomes of death (19% vs 16%; P = 0.51), repeat revascularization (10% vs 10%; P = 1.00), and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) (36% vs 37%; P = 0.90). The 2-year Kaplan-Meier survival was also similar (P = 0.77). In patients with CKD, second-generation DES type was not an independent predictor for death (P = 0.49) or MACCE (P = 1.00).

Conclusions — Although the use of first- and second-generation DESs was associated with similar 2-year safety and efficacy in patients with CKD, the results cannot rule out a beneficial effect of second- vs first-generation DESs owing to small sample size. Future studies with larger numbers of patients with CKD are needed to identify optimal stent types, which may improve long-term clinical outcomes.

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Citation

Chan W, Ivanov J, Kotowycz MA, Sibbald M, McGeoch R, Crooks N, Hatton R, Ing D, Daly P, Mackie K, Osten MD, Seidelin PH, Barolet A, Overgaard CB, Dzavik V. Can J Cardiol. 2014; 30(10):1170-6. Epub 2014 May 6.

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