Renal transplantation in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients with advanced stages of kidney disease: equity in transplantation
Hosseini-Moghaddam SM, Kang Y, Bota SE, Weir MA. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2024; Apr 16 [Epub ahead of print].
Background — Emergency department use may reflect poor access to primary care. Our objective was to compare rates and causes of emergency department use between adults living with and without HIV.
Methods — We conducted a population-based study involving Ontario residents living with and without HIV between Apr. 1, 2011, and Mar. 31, 2012. We frequency matched adults with HIV to 4 HIV-negative people by age, sex and census division, and used random-effects negative binomial regression to compare rates of emergency department use. We classified visits as low urgency or high urgency, and also examined visits for ambulatory care sensitive conditions. Hospital admission following an emergency department visit was a secondary outcome.
Results — We identified 14 534 people with HIV and 58 136 HIV-negative individuals. Rates of emergency department use were higher among people with HIV (67.3 v. 31.2 visits per 100 person-years; adjusted rate ratio 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51-1.65). Similar results were observed for low-urgency visits. With the exception of hypertension, visit rates for ambulatory care sensitive conditions were higher among people with HIV. People with HIV were also more likely than HIV-negative individuals to be admitted to hospital following an emergency department visit (adjusted odds ratio 1.55, 95% CI 1.43-1.69).
Interpretation — Compared with HIV-negative individuals, people with HIV had high rates of emergency department use, including potentially avoidable visits. These findings strongly support the need for comprehensive care for people with HIV.
Ng R, Kendall CE, Burchell AN, Bayoumi AM, Loutfy MR, Raboud J, Glazier RH, Rourke S, Antoniou T. CMAJ Open. 2016; 4(2):E240-8. Epub 2016 May 25.
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