{"id":7621,"date":"2017-07-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-07-10T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icesontario.wpengine.com\/news-releases\/guideline-changes-to-frequency-of-pap-tests-has-led-to-less-screening-and-diagnosis-of-chlamydia\/"},"modified":"2023-06-14T18:15:31","modified_gmt":"2023-06-14T22:15:31","slug":"guideline-changes-to-frequency-of-pap-tests-has-led-to-less-screening-and-diagnosis-of-chlamydia","status":"publish","type":"news_release","link":"https:\/\/www.ices.on.ca\/fr\/news-releases\/guideline-changes-to-frequency-of-pap-tests-has-led-to-less-screening-and-diagnosis-of-chlamydia\/","title":{"rendered":"Guideline changes to frequency of Pap tests has led to less screening and diagnosis of chlamydia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>An unintended consequence of changes to Ontario&#x2019;s cervical cancer screening guidelines led to thousands of women not being tested and diagnosed for chlamydia, new research from Public Health Ontario (PHO), the <span class=\"bold\">Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES)<\/span> and Mount Sinai Hospital has found.<\/p>\n<p>In May 2012, changes to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancercare.on.ca\/pcs\/screening\/cervscreening\/screening_guidelines\/\">cervical cancer screening guidelines in Ontario<\/a> recommended that women who have ever been sexually active receive a Pap test every three years starting at age 21. Prior to 2012, annual Pap tests were recommended for women starting 3 years after becoming sexually active. While doing the Pap test, it was common practice for physicians to also collect swabs to screen for sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia, the most common sexually transmitted infection in Ontario and around the world. PHO surveillance data shows an increasing trend of chlamydia cases.<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"download-section alignwide infographic-download\" id=\"block_5e6293167689782bcffb97c8f6f6da7b\" data-style=\"deep-blue\">\n\t<div class=\"download-section-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2>\n\t\t\tInfographic\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"download-section-buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"download-section-buttons-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ices.on.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/KwongCervicalCancerFIN.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"\n\t\t\tdownload\t\t\taria-label=\"Download Infographic (opens in a new tab)\"\t\t>\n\t\t\tDownload Infographic\t\t\t<svg width=\"19\" height=\"19\" viewBox=\"0 0 19 19\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" role=\"presentation\">\n<path d=\"M2.78003 18.8301C2.14282 18.8301 1.59713 18.603 1.14297 18.1488C0.688813 17.6947 0.46212 17.1494 0.462893 16.5129V13.0372H2.78003V16.5129H16.6829V13.0372H19V16.5129C19 17.1502 18.7729 17.6958 18.3188 18.15C17.8646 18.6042 17.3193 18.8308 16.6829 18.8301H2.78003ZM9.73145 14.1958L3.9386 8.40295L5.5606 6.72303L8.57288 9.73531V0.292969H10.89V9.73531L13.9023 6.72303L15.5243 8.40295L9.73145 14.1958Z\" fill=\"#151D5D\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"download-section-buttons-secondary\" data-infographic-popup-open=\"block_5e6293167689782bcffb97c8f6f6da7b-infographic-popup\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\">\n\t\t\t\tClick to View\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"infographic-popup\" id=\"block_5e6293167689782bcffb97c8f6f6da7b-infographic-popup\" role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"true\" aria-label=\"Infographic\" hidden>\n\t\t<div class=\"infographic-popup-overlay\" data-infographic-popup-close><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"infographic-popup-container\">\n\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"infographic-popup-close\" data-infographic-popup-close aria-label=\"Close infographic\">&times;<\/button>\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"infographic-popup-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ices.on.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/KwongCervicalCancerFIN.jpg\" alt=\"Infographic\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Two years after Ontario&#x2019;s cervical cancer screening guidelines changed, the researchers saw reduced chlamydia testing in women, with the greatest reduction in the 15- to 19-year old age group. This reduction in testing coincided with fewer reported cases of chlamydia for women in that age range. In comparison, chlamydia incidence remained unchanged for men in the same age group despite increased testing.<\/p>\n<p>&#x201c;For women, most chlamydia infections are asymptomatic, yet women are disproportionately affected by the complications of infection. Untreated chlamydia infections can result in pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, neonatal illness and infertility,&#x201d; said Dr. Michelle Naimer, co-lead author of the new research. Dr. Naimer is a family physician at the Mount Sinai Academic Family Health Team, part of the Sinai Health System. &#x201c;Our purpose in doing this study was to learn what impact, if any, changes to Ontario&#x2019;s cervical cancer screening program had on other health conditions that were typically screened for during Pap tests.&#x201d;<\/p>\n<p>&#x201c;From a public health perspective, it is important to ensure that chlamydia cases are diagnosed in order to limit the spread of infection and the longer-term impacts of this infection if it isn&#x2019;t caught and treated,&#x201d; said <a href=\"\/ices-scientists\/jeff-kwong\/\">Dr. Jeff Kwong<\/a>, a scientist at ICES and PHO and co-lead author of the research. &#x201c;This is particularly true for women younger than 21 years of age who are at risk for chlamydia if they are sexually active and who no longer warrant cervical cancer screening. This research shows that women should be tested for chlamydia based on risk, regardless of the need for Pap tests.&#x201d;<\/p>\n<p>The authors estimate that 2,726 fewer cases of chlamydia were detected per year in Ontario for two years following the guideline change. This has important health implications, especially for young women who usually do not have any symptoms. The researchers hope that greater public awareness about the need for young women to be tested for chlamydia if they are sexually active, and the availability of a simple urine test to do so, will lead to more screening for young women.<\/p>\n<p>Using ICES data from physician billings to identify Pap and chlamydia tests and PHO data to identify chlamydia lab testing and reported cases, the study looked at all Ontarians between 15 and 29 years of age from May 2010 to July 2014. The findings are published in the July 10 issue of the <em>Annals of Family Medicine<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Quick facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"list-style\">\n<li>Chlamydia infections are increasing in Ontario. Of all reportable infectious diseases, chlamydia has the highest number of cases in the province.\n<ul>\n<li style=\"border: none; margin-left: 15px; list-style-image: url(\/ICES\/img\/list-style-at-a-glance.png) !important;\">There were 41,829 cases of chlamydia in 2016, compared to 39,037 in 2015, 35,987 in 2014, and 34,684 in 2013. In 2006, there were 22,409 reported chlamydia cases in Ontario.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Two years after changes to cervical cancer screening guidelines, chlamydia testing in women dropped 26 per cent in women aged 15-19 and 18 per cent in women aged 20-24.<\/li>\n<li>Over this same time period, reported chlamydia cases dropped 17 per cent in women aged 15-19 and 14 per cent in women aged 20-24.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Public Health Ontario is a Crown corporation dedicated to protecting and promoting the health of all Ontarians and reducing inequities in health. Public Health Ontario links public health practitioners, front-line health workers and researchers to the best scientific intelligence and knowledge from around the world. For the latest PHO news, follow us on Twitter: <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/PublicHealthON\" title=\"Opens external link\">@publichealthON<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"color: #002060;\"><span class=\"bold\">The Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES)<\/span> is an independent, non-profit organization that uses population-based health information to produce knowledge on a broad range of healthcare issues. Our unbiased evidence provides measures of health system performance, a clearer understanding of the shifting healthcare needs of Ontarians, and a stimulus for discussion of practical solutions to optimize scarce resources. ICES knowledge is highly regarded in Canada and abroad, and is widely used by government, hospitals, planners, and practitioners to make decisions about care delivery and to develop policy. For the latest ICES news, follow us on Twitter: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.twitter.com\/icesontario\" title=\"Twitter link\">@ICESOntario<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Mount Sinai Hospital, part of Sinai Health System, is as an internationally recognized 442-bed acute care academic health sciences centre affiliated with the University of Toronto.&#xa0; Clinical strengths include women&#x2019;s and infants&#x2019; health, chronic disease management, specialized cancer care, emergency medicine, and geriatrics. Mount Sinai has been designated with Exemplary Status from Accreditation Canada and every aspect of patient care is anchored in a rigorous quality plan and monitoring of safety and quality goals. Mount Sinai is the first hospital in Canada to receive Magnet&#xae; status for nursing excellence and patient care. The Hospital is considered to be a top employer in Canada, receiving multiple awards for its employment and culture centred programs. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mountsinai.ca\/\">http:\/\/www.mountsinai.ca<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>For more information, please contact:<\/h2>\n<p>Janet Wong<br \/>\nMedia Relations Advisor, PHO<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:media@oahpp.ca\">media@oahpp.ca<\/a><br \/>\n647-260-7247<\/p>\n<p>Deborah Creatura<br \/>\nMedia Advisor, ICES<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:deborah.creatura@ices.on.ca\">deborah.creatura@ices.on.ca<\/a><br \/>\n(o) 416-480-4780 or (c) 647-406-5996<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An unintended consequence of changes to Ontario&#x2019;s cervical cancer screening guidelines led to thousands of women not being tested and diagnosed for chlamydia, new research from Public Health Ontario (PHO), the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) and Mount Sinai Hospital has found. In May 2012, changes to cervical cancer screening guidelines in Ontario recommended [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","migration-helper-automated":[],"migration-manual":[],"topic":[60,35,21],"class_list":["post-7621","news_release","type-news_release","status-publish","hentry","topic-policy-and-program-evaluation","topic-public-health","topic-women-or-gender-based-research"],"acf":{"infographic":[9443],"journal_article":[3787],"research_report":[],"atlas":[],"research_program":[],"site":[6733],"ices_scientist":[1149,1327,1292],"announce_or_event":[],"video":[],"iitn_type":false,"iitn_title":"Changes to Pap testing led to rise in chlamydia cases in Ontario: study","iitn_short_title":"","iitn_source_link_url":"https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/life\/health-and-fitness\/health\/changes-to-pap-testing-led-to-rise-in-chlamydia-cases-in-ontario-study\/article35646385\/","iitn_source_link_text":"The Globe and Mail","sitecore_item_id":"558DE0F8-4670-4F5E-B048-60A463F94F2F","sitecore_item_name":"Guideline-changes-to-frequency-of-Pap-tests-has-led-to-less-screening-and-diagnosis-of-chlamydia","sitecore_field_values":"{\n  \"Content\": \"<p>An unintended consequence of changes to Ontario&rsquo;s cervical cancer screening guidelines led to thousands of women not being tested and diagnosed for chlamydia, new research from Public Health Ontario (PHO), the <span class=\"bold\">Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES)<\/span> and Mount Sinai Hospital has found.<\/p>n<p>In May 2012, changes to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancercare.on.ca\/pcs\/screening\/cervscreening\/screening_guidelines\/\">cervical cancer screening guidelines in Ontario<\/a> recommended that women who have ever been sexually active receive a Pap test every three years starting at age 21. Prior to 2012, annual Pap tests were recommended for women starting 3 years after becoming sexually active. While doing the Pap test, it was common practice for physicians to also collect swabs to screen for sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia, the most common sexually transmitted infection in Ontario and around the world. PHO surveillance data shows an increasing trend of chlamydia cases.<\/p>n<p><a href=\"~\/media\/E2FCF91EEF5D487F863BDDB29D221D12.ashx\" onclick=\"_gaq.push(['_trackEvent','Download', 'KwongChlamydiaInfographicJuly2017',this.href]);\"><img height=\"203\" alt=\"Reduced chlamydia testing may be unintended result of Ontario guideline change\" width=\"350\" src=\"~\/media\/C568B6D121D0443591A78DB9C4AC6B00.ashx\" \/><\/a><span class=\"grey\" style=\"font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; display: block; color: #5b5656;\">Click image to enlarge<\/span><\/p>n<p>Two years after Ontario&rsquo;s cervical cancer screening guidelines changed, the researchers saw reduced chlamydia testing in women, with the greatest reduction in the 15- to 19-year old age group. This reduction in testing coincided with fewer reported cases of chlamydia for women in that age range. In comparison, chlamydia incidence remained unchanged for men in the same age group despite increased testing.<\/p>n<p>&ldquo;For women, most chlamydia infections are asymptomatic, yet women are disproportionately affected by the complications of infection. Untreated chlamydia infections can result in pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, neonatal illness and infertility,&rdquo; said Dr. Michelle Naimer, co-lead author of the new research. Dr. Naimer is a family physician at the Mount Sinai Academic Family Health Team, part of the Sinai Health System. &ldquo;Our purpose in doing this study was to learn what impact, if any, changes to Ontario&rsquo;s cervical cancer screening program had on other health conditions that were typically screened for during Pap tests.&rdquo;<\/p>n<p>&ldquo;From a public health perspective, it is important to ensure that chlamydia cases are diagnosed in order to limit the spread of infection and the longer-term impacts of this infection if it isn&rsquo;t caught and treated,&rdquo; said <a href=\"~\/link.aspx?_id=1448928087E24E37BCF535BDF557014F&amp;_z=z\">Dr. Jeff Kwong<\/a>, a scientist at ICES and PHO and co-lead author of the research. &ldquo;This is particularly true for women younger than 21 years of age who are at risk for chlamydia if they are sexually active and who no longer warrant cervical cancer screening. This research shows that women should be tested for chlamydia based on risk, regardless of the need for Pap tests.&rdquo;<\/p>n<p>The authors estimate that 2,726 fewer cases of chlamydia were detected per year in Ontario for two years following the guideline change. This has important health implications, especially for young women who usually do not have any symptoms. The researchers hope that greater public awareness about the need for young women to be tested for chlamydia if they are sexually active, and the availability of a simple urine test to do so, will lead to more screening for young women.<\/p>n<p>Using ICES data from physician billings to identify Pap and chlamydia tests and PHO data to identify chlamydia lab testing and reported cases, the study looked at all Ontarians between 15 and 29 years of age from May 2010 to July 2014. The findings are published in the July 10 issue of the <em>Annals of Family Medicine<\/em>.<\/p>n<p><strong>Quick facts:<\/strong><\/p>n<ul class=\"list-style\">n    <li>Chlamydia infections are increasing in Ontario. Of all reportable infectious diseases, chlamydia has the highest number of cases in the province.n    <ul>n        <li style=\"border: none; margin-left: 15px; list-style-image: url(\/ICES\/img\/list-style-at-a-glance.png) !important;\">There were 41,829 cases of chlamydia in 2016, compared to 39,037 in 2015, 35,987 in 2014, and 34,684 in 2013. In 2006, there were 22,409 reported chlamydia cases in Ontario.<\/li>n    <\/ul>n    <\/li>n    <li>Two years after changes to cervical cancer screening guidelines, chlamydia testing in women dropped 26 per cent in women aged 15-19 and 18 per cent in women aged 20-24.<\/li>n    <li>Over this same time period, reported chlamydia cases dropped 17 per cent in women aged 15-19 and 14 per cent in women aged 20-24.<\/li>n<\/ul>n<p><em>Public Health Ontario is a Crown corporation dedicated to protecting and promoting the health of all Ontarians and reducing inequities in health. Public Health Ontario links public health practitioners, front-line health workers and researchers to the best scientific intelligence and knowledge from around the world. For the latest PHO news, follow us on Twitter: <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/PublicHealthON\" title=\"Opens external link\">@publichealthON<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>n<p><em><span style=\"color: #002060;\"><span class=\"bold\">The Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES)<\/span> is an independent, non-profit organization that uses population-based health information to produce knowledge on a broad range of healthcare issues. Our unbiased evidence provides measures of health system performance, a clearer understanding of the shifting healthcare needs of Ontarians, and a stimulus for discussion of practical solutions to optimize scarce resources. ICES knowledge is highly regarded in Canada and abroad, and is widely used by government, hospitals, planners, and practitioners to make decisions about care delivery and to develop policy. For the latest ICES news, follow us on Twitter: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.twitter.com\/icesontario\" title=\"Twitter link\">@ICESOntario<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/p>n<p><em>Mount Sinai Hospital, part of Sinai Health System, is as an internationally recognized 442-bed acute care academic health sciences centre affiliated with the University of Toronto.&nbsp; Clinical strengths include women&rsquo;s and infants&rsquo; health, chronic disease management, specialized cancer care, emergency medicine, and geriatrics. Mount Sinai has been designated with Exemplary Status from Accreditation Canada and every aspect of patient care is anchored in a rigorous quality plan and monitoring of safety and quality goals. Mount Sinai is the first hospital in Canada to receive Magnet&reg; status for nursing excellence and patient care. The Hospital is considered to be a top employer in Canada, receiving multiple awards for its employment and culture centred programs. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mountsinai.ca\/\">http:\/\/www.mountsinai.ca<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>n<h2>For more information, please contact:<\/h2>n<p>Janet Wong<br \/>nMedia Relations Advisor, PHO<br \/>n<a href=\"mailto:media@oahpp.ca\">media@oahpp.ca<\/a><br \/>n647-260-7247<\/p>n<p>Deborah Creatura<br \/>nMedia Advisor, ICES<br \/>n<a href=\"mailto:deborah.creatura@ices.on.ca\">deborah.creatura@ices.on.ca<\/a><br \/>n(o) 416-480-4780 or (c) 647-406-5996<\/p>\",\n  \"Title\": \"Guideline changes to frequency of Pap tests has led to less screening and diagnosis of chlamydia\",\n  \"Short title\": \"Guideline changes to frequency of Pap\",\n  \"Teaser image\": \"<image mediaid=\"{A322F4BD-074D-4BD9-A21A-A9A358DE2CFF}\" \/>\",\n  \"Summary\": \"An unintended consequence of changes to Ontario\u2019s cervical cancer screening guidelines led to thousands of women not being tested and diagnosed for chlamydia.\",\n  \"Location\": \"Toronto\",\n  \"In The News\": \"{59D79CAC-E4F7-4A00-AB6D-D29DB2352D4B}|{E633C969-CA1B-4C0C-8F48-BF3DBAB3C950}\",\n  \"ICES Scientists\": \"{14489280-87E2-4E37-BCF5-35BDF557014F}|{D20A13C2-789B-4AEB-9C05-64AF13F2068E}|{5A8C25C3-41F2-46E3-B879-20397B7A03FD}\",\n  \"ICES Locations\": \"{4FCAABBA-14A5-42E6-8F33-BC6C2F1D9908}\",\n  \"Research Programs\": \"{5B1AF319-EC9B-4BF0-A9CD-D066ABE49D71}\",\n  \"Posted Date\": \"20170710T170000\",\n  \"Publication Link\": \"<link text=\"Abstract\" linktype=\"internal\" querystring=\"\" target=\"\" id=\"{3EBBEDA1-BAE2-4A15-85F5-D7AC15EBCF6E}\" \/>\",\n  \"Related Link\": \"<link text=\"ICES in the News | Stat\" linktype=\"external\" url=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2017\/07\/10\/chlamydia-pap-screening\/\" anchor=\"\" title=\"Opens external link\" target=\"\" \/>\",\n  \"Related Link2\": \"<link text=\"ICES in the News | The Globe and Mail\" linktype=\"external\" url=\"https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/life\/health-and-fitness\/health\/changes-to-pap-testing-led-to-rise-in-chlamydia-cases-in-ontario-study\/article35646385\/\" anchor=\"\" title=\"Opens external link\" target=\"\" \/>\"\n}","previous_url":"https:\/\/www.ices.on.ca\/Newsroom\/News-Releases\/2017\/Guideline-changes-to-frequency-of-Pap-tests-has-led-to-less-screening-and-diagnosis-of-chlamydia"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>ICES | Guideline changes to frequency of Pap tests has led to less screening and diagnosis of chlamydia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"An unintended consequence of changes to Ontario&#x2019;s cervical cancer screening guidelines led to thousands of women not being tested and diagnosed for\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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