{"id":23964,"date":"2025-09-12T16:59:00","date_gmt":"2025-09-12T20:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ices.on.ca\/?post_type=journal_article&#038;p=23964"},"modified":"2026-05-11T17:07:13","modified_gmt":"2026-05-11T21:07:13","slug":"nontuberculous-mycobacterial-disease-in-solid-organ-transplant-recipients-and-the-general-population","status":"publish","type":"journal_article","link":"https:\/\/www.ices.on.ca\/fr\/publications\/journal-articles\/nontuberculous-mycobacterial-disease-in-solid-organ-transplant-recipients-and-the-general-population\/","title":{"rendered":"Nontuberculous mycobacterial disease in solid-organ transplant recipients and the general population"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Importance<\/strong> \u2014 Single-center studies suggest that solid-organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) with nontuberculous mycobacterial disease (NTM-D) face increased mortality, particularly in the presence of comorbidities such as chronic lung disease. Large-scale studies are needed to quantify the risk of NTM-D and its impact on mortality in this population.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Objective<\/strong> \u2014 To compare the risk of NTM-D between the general population and SOTRs, stratified by lung and nonlung transplants, and to assess whether NTM-D is associated with increased mortality risk in SOTRs.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Design, setting, and participants<\/strong> \u2014 This population-based cohort study was conducted in Ontario, Canada, from April 1, 2002, to December 31, 2018. Adult SOTRs were matched 1:10 with general population controls by age, sex, and region. Analyses were conducted from January 2024 to March 2025.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Exposure<\/strong> \u2014 Solid-organ transplantation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Main outcomes and measures<\/strong> \u2014 The primary outcome was NTM-D, defined as isolation of NTM from blood, tissues, or respiratory samples (\u22652 sputum cultures with the same species or 1 bronchoscopic or lung biopsy culture). The secondary outcome was all-cause mortality in the SOTR cohort at 1 year and by the end of follow-up (March 31, 2021). Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the risk of outcomes.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Results<\/strong> \u2014 The study included 138\u202f175 individuals (49\u202f611 female [35.9%]; mean [SD] age, 51.87 [12.99] years), comprising 12\u202f564 SOTRs (7674 kidney, 2419 liver, 1257 lung, 584 heart, 563 kidney-pancreas, and 67 multiorgan recipients) and 125\u202f611 matched controls. During the study period, 368 SOTRs (2.92%) and 127 controls (0.10%) developed NTM-D. Receipt of a lung transplant (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 177.34; 95% CI, 79.65-394.82) or other solid-organ transplant (aHR, 8.89; 95% CI, 5.90-13.40) were both associated with increased risk of NTM-D compared with controls. NTM-D by Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) were associated with significant long-term mortality in lung SOTRs (MAC aHR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.35-2.04; RGM aHR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.59-3.39) and nonlung SOTRs (MAC aHR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.36-3.29; RGM aHR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.07-4.74).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conclusions and relevance<\/strong> \u2014 In this cohort study of SOTRs and the general population, both lung transplantation and other solid-organ transplantation were associated with a significantly elevated risk of NTM-D, which was linked to a higher mortality risk. These findings highlight the need for preventive and screening strategies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Importance \u2014 Single-center studies suggest that solid-organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) with nontuberculous mycobacterial disease (NTM-D) face increased mortality, particularly in the presence of comorbidities such as chronic lung disease. Large-scale studies are needed to quantify the risk of NTM-D and its impact on mortality in this population. Objective \u2014 To compare the risk of NTM-D [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","migration-helper-automated":[],"migration-manual":[],"topic":[39,54],"migration-helper-qa-sample-set":[],"class_list":["post-23964","journal_article","type-journal_article","status-publish","hentry","topic-infectious-diseases","topic-organ-transplantation-and-donation"],"acf":{"citation":"Hosseini-Moghaddam SM, Fridman D, Drover SSM, Marras TK, Brode SK, Jamieson FB, Husain S, Kwong JC. <em>JAMA Netw Open<\/em>. 2025; 8(9):e2531563.","source_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.31563","ices_scientist":[1259,1158,1149],"site":[6733],"research_program":[6745],"news_release":"","journal_article":"","atlas":"","research_report":"","infographic":"","video":"","downloads":null,"links":null,"sitecore_item_id":"","sitecore_item_name":"","sitecore_field_values":"","previous_url":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - 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