{"id":23467,"date":"2026-03-24T23:19:17","date_gmt":"2026-03-25T03:19:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ices.on.ca\/?post_type=journal_article&#038;p=23467"},"modified":"2026-03-31T23:23:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T03:23:11","slug":"hiv-sex-interaction-effect-on-risk-of-hepatitis-c-related-cirrhosis-decompensation-and-hepatocellular-carcinoma","status":"publish","type":"journal_article","link":"https:\/\/www.ices.on.ca\/fr\/publications\/journal-articles\/hiv-sex-interaction-effect-on-risk-of-hepatitis-c-related-cirrhosis-decompensation-and-hepatocellular-carcinoma\/","title":{"rendered":"HIV-sex interaction effect on risk of hepatitis C-related cirrhosis, decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Objective<\/strong> \u2014 To use a large population-based cohort to quantify whether there is effect modification between sex and HIV status on risk of hepatitis C-associated cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Design<\/strong> \u2014 A cohort of 65 151 hepatitis C RNA+ individuals from Ontario, Canada was followed from 1999 to 2018 for diagnoses of cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, using administrative health data.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Methods<\/strong> \u2014 Time-dependent Cox regression adjusting for patient characteristics was used to quantify the risk of each liver disease outcome in males that are HIV negative (HIV\u2212), females that are HIV positive (HIV+), and males that are HIV+, all relative females that are HIV\u2212. The relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) was calculated to quantify the magnitude and significance of interaction effects.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Results<\/strong> \u2014 A significant negative interaction effect between sex and HIV was found for risk of cirrhosis (RERI = \u22120.52; 95% CI: \u22120.86, -0.18) and decompensation (RERI = \u22121.50; 95% CI: \u22122.32, \u22120.68), but not for risk of HCC (RERI = 0.44; 95% CI: \u22120.05, 0.93).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conclusions<\/strong> \u2014 The interaction estimates from this population-based cohort indicate that HIV infection increases the risk of hepatitis C-associated cirrhosis and decompensated cirrhosis to a greater extent in females compared to males.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Objective \u2014 To use a large population-based cohort to quantify whether there is effect modification between sex and HIV status on risk of hepatitis C-associated cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Design \u2014 A cohort of 65 151 hepatitis C RNA+ individuals from Ontario, Canada was followed from 1999 to 2018 for diagnoses of cirrhosis, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","migration-helper-automated":[],"migration-manual":[],"topic":[39,35],"migration-helper-qa-sample-set":[],"class_list":["post-23467","journal_article","type-journal_article","status-publish","hentry","topic-infectious-diseases","topic-public-health"],"acf":{"citation":"McFarlane WJ, Brogly SB, Flemming JA, Martinez-Cajas J, Peng Y. <em>AIDS<\/em>. 2026; Mar 24 [Epub ahead of print].","source_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/qad.0000000000004501","ices_scientist":[1168,1228],"site":[6736],"research_program":[6740],"news_release":"","journal_article":"","atlas":"","research_report":"","infographic":"","video":"","downloads":null,"links":null,"sitecore_item_id":"","sitecore_item_name":"","sitecore_field_values":"","previous_url":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO 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