{"id":23465,"date":"2026-03-31T23:12:05","date_gmt":"2026-04-01T03:12:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ices.on.ca\/?post_type=journal_article&p=23465"},"modified":"2026-03-31T23:12:07","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T03:12:07","slug":"the-effectiveness-of-the-palivizumab-programme-in-reducing-the-risk-of-paediatric-asthma-a-population-based-study-in-ontario-canada","status":"publish","type":"journal_article","link":"https:\/\/www.ices.on.ca\/fr\/publications\/journal-articles\/the-effectiveness-of-the-palivizumab-programme-in-reducing-the-risk-of-paediatric-asthma-a-population-based-study-in-ontario-canada\/","title":{"rendered":"The effectiveness of the palivizumab programme in reducing the risk of paediatric asthma: a population-based study in Ontario, Canada"},"content":{"rendered":"

Background<\/strong> \u2014 Palivizumab was introduced in Canada in 1998 as a publicly funded programme to reduce respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease in high-risk children. Severe early-life RSV infections are associated with increased asthma risk. Thus, palivizumab may also indirectly reduce paediatric asthma.<\/p>\n

Objective<\/strong> \u2014 To evaluate the effectiveness of Ontario, Canada’s palivizumab programme in decreasing paediatric asthma.<\/p>\n

Methods<\/strong> \u2014 We used multiple linked population-based administrative databases to identify all children born in Ontario between 1993 and 2013, with follow-up through March 2020. Our primary outcome was physician-diagnosed asthma by age 7. Controlled interrupted time-series analysis was used to compare changes in annual asthma incidence (by birth year) before and after palivizumab’s introduction, according to programme eligibility (clearly, possibly, or ineligible). Socio-demographic differences were explored via stratification.<\/p>\n

Results<\/strong> \u2014 Nearly 3 million children were included in this study, including 406,596 (14.6%) diagnosed with asthma by age 7. Asthma incidence substantially declined over the study period, with the greatest declines among palivizumab-ineligible children (35.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 28.3, 42.6, versus 18.1%, 95% CI 13.9, 22.9 among clearly eligible children). However, relative to ineligible children, post-palivizumab declines were most apparent among possibly eligible children, with an additional annual decline of 2.0% (95% CI 0.3, 3.7) in asthma. Socio demographic differences in asthma incidence and post-palivizumab declines were noted. Particularly, incidence was higher among children born to teenage mothers than among those aged 19+ years; this gap narrowed over time, especially among possibly eligible children.<\/p>\n

Conclusions<\/strong> \u2014 Asthma incidence declined over this 20-year study; however, smaller declines were observed among children clearly eligible for palivizumab relative to ineligible children. However, exploratory evidence was suggestive of reduced social inequities in asthma post-palivizumab, particularly among possibly eligible children. Larger reductions in asthma might be realized with the introduction of population-based RSV immunization programmes through broader programme eligibility and reductions in severe RSV disease.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Background \u2014 Palivizumab was introduced in Canada in 1998 as a publicly funded programme to reduce respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease in high-risk children. Severe early-life RSV infections are associated with increased asthma risk. Thus, palivizumab may also indirectly reduce paediatric asthma. Objective \u2014 To evaluate the effectiveness of Ontario, Canada’s palivizumab programme in decreasing […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","migration-helper-automated":[],"migration-manual":[],"topic":[16,52,56],"migration-helper-qa-sample-set":[],"class_list":["post-23465","journal_article","type-journal_article","status-publish","hentry","topic-children-and-young-people","topic-lung-health","topic-pharmacoepidemiology-and-drug-safety"],"acf":{"citation":"Foley KA, Buchan SA, McNally D, Dimitris M, Swayze S, Kwong JC, Hawken S, Saxena S, Hargreaves D, Fitzpatrick T. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol<\/em>. 2026; Mar 31 [Epub ahead of print].","source_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ppe.70141","ices_scientist":[1161,1149,1260,13131],"site":[6733],"research_program":[6745],"news_release":"","journal_article":"","atlas":"","research_report":"","infographic":"","video":"","downloads":null,"links":null,"sitecore_item_id":"","sitecore_item_name":"","sitecore_field_values":"","previous_url":""},"yoast_head":"\nICES | The effectiveness of the palivizumab programme in reducing the risk of paediatric asthma: a population-based study in Ontario, Canada<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Background \u2014 Palivizumab was introduced in Canada in 1998 as a publicly funded programme to reduce respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease in high-risk\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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