Stage of diagnosis and survival for prostate cancer among immigrant men in Ontario, Canada
Lofters AK, Sammott SA, Swayze S, Bender JL, Alibhai SMH, Henry A, Noel K, Datta G. Cancer Epidemiol. 2024; Mar 21 [Epub ahead of print].
Persistent language barriers are associated with poor health outcomes. The agreement between reporting a language barrier at time of immigration and in the 2007-2008 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) was calculated using kappa scores among foreign-born individuals who arrived to Ontario, Canada between 1985 and 2005. A total of 2323 immigrants were included, with a mean (± SD) time of 10.2 ± 6.4 years between immigration and completing the CCHS. Only 6 % of immigrants reported a persistent language barrier, resulting in a low agreement between the two sources (kappa = 0.06, 95 % CI 0.042-0.086). Though immigrants were less likely to report a persistent language barrier the longer they had been in Canada, only 13 % of immigrants who had arrived <2 years ago reported one. Self-reported language barriers at time of immigration are poor indicators of persistent language barriers. There is a need for a better measure of language barriers among Canadian immigrants.
Okrainec K, Booth GL, Hollands S, Bell CM. J Immigr Minor Health. 2017; 19(1):50-6. Epub 2015 Sep 22.
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